{"id":624,"date":"2021-03-30T17:13:23","date_gmt":"2021-03-30T17:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/?p=624"},"modified":"2021-07-23T12:20:29","modified_gmt":"2021-07-23T12:20:29","slug":"the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"The Effect of Oil Sands Tailings Ponds on Climate Change"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>There are over one trillion litres of toxic waste stored in large tailings ponds in Alberta, Canada. In fact, they are so large that they can be seen from space. These tailings ponds, however, are leaking into the local environment and poisoning the food and water supply.<span id='easy-footnote-1-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-624' title='Narwhal, T. (n.d.). It\u2019s official: Alberta\u2019s oilsands tailings ponds are leaking. Now what? [online] The Narwhal. Available at: https:\/\/thenarwhal.ca\/tailings-ponds-leaking-alberta-oilsands\/.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alberta\u2019s tailings ponds &#8211; a term used by the industry &#8211; are Canada\u2019s dirty oil secret. They show how much of oil\u2019s waste-product is like a time-bomb waiting to cause havoc on some of the world&#8217;s most pristine ecosystems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"jeg_video_container jeg_video_content\"><iframe title=\"The Effect of Oil Sands Tailings Ponds on Climate Change\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ZBDO-gK9sXM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption>This video demonstrates the effect of oil sands tailings ponds on climate change<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>What are tailings ponds?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alberta\u2019s oil sands in Canada are the world\u2019s third-largest proven oil reserves. They are the main reason that Canada is the world\u2019s fourth-largest oil-producing country.<span id='easy-footnote-2-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-624' title='Investopedia. (2019). The World\u2019s Top Oil Producers of 2019. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/investing\/worlds-top-oil-producers\/.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span> But, Alberta produces a product called bitumen \u2013 eventually refined into oil through oil sands mining \u2013 that is even more toxic due to the large amount of waste by-product. For every barrel of bitumen extracted in Alberta from oil sands, the industry produces 1.5 barrels of non-recyclable material called tailings.<span id='easy-footnote-3-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-624' title='Grant, J., Angen, E. and Dyer, S. (2013). Forecasting the impacts of oilsands expansion Measuring the land disturbance, air quality, water use, greenhouse gas emissions, and tailings production associated with each barrel of bitumen production. [online] . Available at: https:\/\/www.pembinainstitute.org\/reports\/oilsands-metrics.pdf [Accessed 22 Feb. 2021].'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is what the oil industry calls \u2018oil sands tailings\u2019: a mixture of water (50 per cent), suspended sand, clay and residual bitumen.<span id='easy-footnote-4-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-624' title='Energyeducation.ca. (2018). Oil sands tailings ponds &amp;#8211; Energy Education. [online] Available at: https:\/\/energyeducation.ca\/encyclopedia\/Oil_sands_tailings_ponds.'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span> There is not a lot that oil sands companies can do with the waste. These tailings are stored in massive open-air ponds that we can see from space. Over the past five decades, nearly 1.3 trillion litres of liquid have accumulated here. The aim is to let the bitumen settle and separate from the water, but the process can take years. Therefore, the ponds only get bigger.<span id='easy-footnote-5-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-624' title='Pembina Institute (2018). Oilsands tailings ponds are a nasty challenge that can\u2019t be ignored. [online] Pembina Institute. Available at: https:\/\/www.pembina.org\/op-ed\/oilsands-tailing-ponds-are-nasty-challenge-cant-be-ignored.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span> These newly developed ponds are often referred to as fluid tailings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the past 10 years alone, the volume of toxic waste stored in tailings ponds has nearly doubled from 732 billion litres to 1.3 trillion litres. This is enough to fill more than 500,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools, covering a total area of 85 square miles (220 square kilometres).<span id='easy-footnote-6-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-624' title='Pembina Institute (2018). Oilsands tailings ponds are a nasty challenge that can\u2019t be ignored. [online] Pembina Institute. Available at: https:\/\/www.pembina.org\/op-ed\/oilsands-tailing-ponds-are-nasty-challenge-cant-be-ignored.'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>How do tailings ponds cause pollution?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Oil companies say that tailings ponds are secure storage areas for the toxic waste from oil sands. But, that has proven not to be the case. In fact, Alberta\u2019s vast tailings ponds have been called \u201ca nasty challenge that can&#8217;t be ignored\u201d.<span id='easy-footnote-7-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-624' title='Pembina Institute (2018). Oil sands tailings ponds are a nasty challenge that can\u2019t be ignored. [online] Pembina Institute. Available at: https:\/\/www.pembina.org\/op-ed\/oilsands-tailing-ponds-are-nasty-challenge-cant-be-ignored.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But, the problem with oil sands tailings ponds isn\u2019t just that they exist, but how they were formed. Alberta&#8217;s oil sands industry destroys large areas of pristine wildlife and forest areas to explore. Canada\u2019s boreal forest is one of Earth\u2019s important ecological treasures. Yet, industrial development and forest fires in the region have destroyed or degraded almost two million acres of boreal forest in the past 20 years.<span id='easy-footnote-8-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-8-624' title='World Resources Institute. (2018). Tar Sands Threaten World\u2019s Largest Boreal Forest. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.wri.org\/blog\/2014\/07\/tar-sands-threaten-world-s-largest-boreal-forest.'><sup>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span>&nbsp;The tailings management and oil sands mining clearly has an effect on the environment and climate change at least through the degradation of Canadian forests. This, combined with leakages from oil sands mining, was one of the central reasons that the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) launched a probe that discovered that oil sands \u201ccontaminate aquifers\u201d and have environmental consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-future-of-forestry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Deforestation destroys wildlife<\/a>; it degrades the soil and reduces the Earth\u2019s capacity to turn carbon dioxide back into oxygen. It speeds up climate change.<span id='easy-footnote-9-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-9-624' title='Braun, I. (2021). What Are the Consequences of Deforestation? [online] Action Aid Recycling. Available at: https:\/\/actionaidrecycling.org.uk\/what-are-the-consequences-of-deforestation\/ [Accessed 22 Feb. 2021].'><sup>9<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even worse, the whole process uses up large amounts of vital freshwater. To produce a barrel of oil from the oil sands (sometimes referred to as tar sands outside of Canada), the industry needs three to four barrels of freshwater, mostly from the Athabasca River.<span id='easy-footnote-10-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-10-624' title='Canada, N.R. (2016). Oil Sands: Water Management. [online] www.nrcan.gc.ca. Available at: https:\/\/www.nrcan.gc.ca\/energy\/publications\/18750.'><sup>10<\/sup><\/a><\/span> The water from tailings ponds is recycled, but the process can take a number of years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The extraction and treatment of oil sands also emit greenhouse gases, such as sulfur, carbon dioxide and methane. These gases trap heat in the atmosphere and warm up the planet, making us more susceptible to climate change.<span id='easy-footnote-11-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-11-624' title='Small, C.C., Cho, S., Hashisho, Z. and Ulrich, A.C. (2015). Emissions from oil sands tailings ponds: Review of tailings pond parameters and emission estimates. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 127, pp.490\u2013501.'><sup>11<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Are oil sands poisoning the environment?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We also know that the tailings ponds are leaking their toxic sludge into the groundwater, according to an investigation backed by the Canadian, US and Mexican governments.<span id='easy-footnote-12-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-12-624' title='Narwhal, T. (n.d.). It\u2019s official: Alberta\u2019s oilsands tailings ponds are leaking. Now what? [online] The Narwhal. Available at: https:\/\/thenarwhal.ca\/tailings-ponds-leaking-alberta-oilsands\/.'><sup>12<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Critics say that just one major breach at one of the toxic ponds could hit rivers, wildlife and communities downstream, potentially poisoning them.<span id='easy-footnote-13-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-13-624' title='One trillion litres of toxic waste and growing. (n.d.). [online] . Available at: https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media-uploads\/albertatailingspondsreportfinal.pdf.'><sup>13<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The oil sands industry has been destructive to the environment and our communities in the region&#8221;, says Eriel Tchekwie Deranger, Executive Director of Indigenous Climate Action.<span id='easy-footnote-14-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-14-624' title='Environment. (2019). Alberta, Canada\u2019s oil sands is the world\u2019s most destructive oil operation\u2014and it\u2019s growing. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/environment\/article\/alberta-canadas-tar-sands-is-growing-but-indigenous-people-fight-back.'><sup>14<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe [oil sands industry] had a huge impact on caribou, bison, moose, birds, fish, the water, the forest. It\u2019s affected our ability to travel, to gather food from the land \u2013&nbsp;it\u2019s really overwhelming\u201d, says Deranger, a member of the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation located near Fort Chipewyan, north of Fort McMurray.<span id='easy-footnote-15-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-15-624' title='National Observer. (2018). Alberta officials are signalling they have no idea how to clean up toxic oilsands tailings ponds. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.nationalobserver.com\/2018\/11\/23\/news\/alberta-officials-are-signalling-they-have-no-idea-how-clean-toxic-oilsands-tailings.'><sup>15<\/sup><\/a><\/span> The toxic waste ponds have long attracted and killed migrating birds, according to environmental reports. And yet, despite assurances that the ponds would shrink in size and be phased out, they have only grown in volume instead.<span id='easy-footnote-16-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-16-624' title='National Observer. (2018). Alberta officials are signalling they have no idea how to clean up toxic oilsands tailings ponds. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.nationalobserver.com\/2018\/11\/23\/news\/alberta-officials-are-signalling-they-have-no-idea-how-clean-toxic-oilsands-tailings.'><sup>16<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Who will pay for the cleanup? The government of Alberta has collected <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalobserver.com\/2018\/11\/23\/news\/alberta-officials-are-signalling-they-have-no-idea-how-clean-toxic-oilsands-tailings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">just CAD $1 billion <\/a>towards that goal &#8211; even though it is estimated to cost at least 100 times that amount.<span id='easy-footnote-17-624' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/#easy-footnote-bottom-17-624' title='National Observer. (2018). Alberta officials are signalling they have no idea how to clean up toxic oilsands tailings ponds. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.nationalobserver.com\/2018\/11\/23\/news\/alberta-officials-are-signalling-they-have-no-idea-how-clean-toxic-oilsands-tailings.'><sup>17<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alberta\u2019s oil sands industry is building and storing a time-bomb that needs to be dealt with sooner rather than later.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are over one trillion litres of toxic waste stored in large tailings ponds in Alberta, Canada. In fact, they are so large that they can be seen from space. These tailings ponds, however, are leaking into the local environment and poisoning the food and water supply. Alberta\u2019s tailings ponds &#8211; a term used by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[211],"tags":[203,190],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Effect of Oil Sands Tailings Ponds on Climate Change - Climate Transform<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There are over a trillion litres of toxic waste stored in large \u2018tailings ponds&#039; in Alberta, Canada, so big they can be seen from space.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/climatetransform.com\/the-effect-of-oil-sands-tailings-ponds-on-climate-change\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Effect of Oil Sands Tailings Ponds on Climate Change - 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